Benzalkonium chloride (BZK, BKC, BAK, BAC), also known as alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (ADBAC) and by the trade name Zephiran, is a type of cationic surfactant. It is an organic salt classified as a quaternary ammonium compound.
CHARACTERISTICS OF BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE DISINFECTANTS:
Benzalkonium chlorideis widely used in the formulation of disinfectants and cleaner-sanitisers for the hospital, livestock, food & dairy and personal hygiene sectors.
1.Offers rapid, safe, powerful antimicrobial activity at low ppm
2.Strong detergency ensures ease of removal of organic soil which harbours microbes
3.Ease of formulation for biocidal activity under high organic contamination conditions
4.Compatible with non-ionic, amphoteric and cationic surface-active agents
5.Displays synergistic activity with other classes of biocide & excipients
6.Retains activity in highly acid to highly alkaline formulations
7.High molecular stability with retention of activity at extremes of temperature
8.Lends itself well to formulation optimisation for hard water conditions
9.Retains biocidal activity in aqueous and organic solvents
10.Benzalkonium chloride disinfectants are non-toxic, non-tainting & odour-free at typical use dilutions
INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONSof Benzalkonium Chloride
Oil & gas锛欱iocorrosion presents a major operational hazard for the oil and gas production industries. Benzalkonium chloride (BAC 50& BAC 80)is used to control the activities of sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in sulphate rich waters and cause deposition of ferrous sulphides which causes pitting of steel equipment and pipelines. SRB are also implicated in oil well souring, and responsible for the liberation of toxic H2S gas. Additional applications of benzalkonium chloride include enhanced oil extraction through de-emulsification and sludge breaking.
Manufacture of disinfectants and detergent-sanitisers锛欬/span>On account of its non-toxic, non-corrosive, non-tainting, non-staining characteristics, benzalkonium chloride is the main active use in the formulation of disinfectants and bactericidal sanitisers for healthcare, personal hygiene, the public sector and to safeguard our agriculture and food supply. BAC 50 & BAC 80 allow microbicidal & cleaning properties to be safely incorporated into hygiene products to enhance both penetration and removal of soil & disinfection of surfaces.
Pharmaceuticals & cosmetics锛欬/span>The safety factor of benzalkonium chloride allows its use in a wide range of leave-on skin sanitisers and sanitary baby wipes. BAC 50 is widely used as a preservative in ophthalmic, nasal and aural pharmaceutical preparations as well as to optimise emolliency and substantivity in formulations.
Water treatment锛欬/span>Benzalkonium chloride based formulations are used in water & effluent treatment and algaecides for swimming pools.
Chemical industry锛欬/span>Quaternary ammonium compounds have diverse applications in the chemical industry as precipitant, phase transfer catalyst on account of its ability to localise at oil/water and air/water interfaces, emulsifier/de-emulsifier, etc.
Pulp & paper industry锛欬/span>Benzalkonium chloride is used as a general microbicide for slime control & odour management in pulp mills. It improves paper handling and imparts strength & antistatic properties to paper products.
ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS:
Quaternary ammonium compounds display a highlevel of biodegradability when tested in accordance with OECD test protocol 301C. It is not known to accumulate in the natural environment under normal use conditions. Like all detergents, ADBAC is highly toxic to marine organisms under laboratory conditions, but does not bio-accumulate in organisms. In the natural environment it is readily deactivated by clays and humic substances which neutralises its aquatic toxicity and prevent its migration across environmental compartments.
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Post time: Jun-10-2021